Telltale Reveals How Borderlands Game Came About

Telltale has revealed how its upcoming collaboration with Gearbox, Tales from the Borderlands, came about.

In an interview with Polygon, the studio's senior vice president of publishing Steve Allison explained it happened at the Spike VGAs last year, and alcohol was most certainly involved.

"We were backstage at the [2012] Spike VGAs and Gearbox was sitting at table one and we were sitting at table two — we were there for The Walking Dead," he explained. "We got to talking a little bit, and I don’t remember when it became, ‘we should do this thing,’ but it happened over a few cocktails.

“We could have easily left it and chalked it up to too much tequila, but we followed up when we got home, and they remembered the conversation. The Borderlands universe has so much story potential, all those great characters. There’s a narrative there in Borderlands 2 but it serves a certain purpose, and we can serve a difference purpose with it for fans of the franchise.”

Tales from the Borderlands won't be a shooter, and was announced earlier this month at the VGX Awards event alongside a currently untitled Game of Thrones Project being made in conjunction with HBO. While we already knew that that project will be a multi-year, multi-title deal, Allison went on to stress that the project came about because everyone at Telltale is a genuine fan of the franchise.

An internal meeting at the studio saw the team, "[Look] at things we wanted to work on and the most important things are what are we passionate about. After that we ask, is there enough of an audience at the end of day that would play this thing?

“We want franchises that are really difficult to translate into traditional gaming, we don’t want to make another Walking Dead first-person shooter. What works with the franchises we have it the characters, the story and drama and the relationships. We look for franchises that are huge and have all those elements.”

It took a year to seal the deal, but now the real hard work is about to begin.

Luke Karmali is IGN's UK Junior Editor. You too can revel in mediocrity by following him on IGN and on Twitter.

Telltale Reveals How Borderlands Game Came About

Telltale has revealed how its upcoming collaboration with Gearbox, Tales from the Borderlands, came about.

In an interview with Polygon, the studio's senior vice president of publishing Steve Allison explained it happened at the Spike VGAs last year, and alcohol was most certainly involved.

"We were backstage at the [2012] Spike VGAs and Gearbox was sitting at table one and we were sitting at table two — we were there for The Walking Dead," he explained. "We got to talking a little bit, and I don’t remember when it became, ‘we should do this thing,’ but it happened over a few cocktails.

“We could have easily left it and chalked it up to too much tequila, but we followed up when we got home, and they remembered the conversation. The Borderlands universe has so much story potential, all those great characters. There’s a narrative there in Borderlands 2 but it serves a certain purpose, and we can serve a difference purpose with it for fans of the franchise.”

Tales from the Borderlands won't be a shooter, and was announced earlier this month at the VGX Awards event alongside a currently untitled Game of Thrones Project being made in conjunction with HBO. While we already knew that that project will be a multi-year, multi-title deal, Allison went on to stress that the project came about because everyone at Telltale is a genuine fan of the franchise.

An internal meeting at the studio saw the team, "[Look] at things we wanted to work on and the most important things are what are we passionate about. After that we ask, is there enough of an audience at the end of day that would play this thing?

“We want franchises that are really difficult to translate into traditional gaming, we don’t want to make another Walking Dead first-person shooter. What works with the franchises we have it the characters, the story and drama and the relationships. We look for franchises that are huge and have all those elements.”

It took a year to seal the deal, but now the real hard work is about to begin.

Luke Karmali is IGN's UK Junior Editor. You too can revel in mediocrity by following him on IGN and on Twitter.

Case Study: Bakery Owner Talks About Coping With Health Insurance Changes

Sandy Huffaker for The New York Times Rachel Shein, center, is trying to figure out how to comply with the new health insurance law.What would you do with this business?

Last week, we published a case study about Baked in the Sun, a wholesale bakery and distributor that is trying to decide how best to comply with the Affordable Care Act. Starting in January, the new law requires businesses with 50 or more full-time employees to offer health insurance or pay a penalty. Owned by Rachel Shein and Steve Pilarski, husband and wife, the company employs nearly 100 workers to bake and deliver freshly made pastries to coffee shops, hospitals and hotels in Southern California.

Baked in the Sun has offered health insurance to its employees in the past but many are young and healthy and have preferred to keep more money in their paycheck, rather than contribute to a health plan. Soon, though, almost all workers will have to carry health insurance — through their employer, a government exchange or other source — or pay a penalty. And, as the case study discussed, Ms. Shein and Mr. Pilaski are trying to decide whether they will offer health insurance, pay a penalty or outsource enough work that they can reduce their head count below 50 and be exempt from the law.

The article elicited lots of comments and strong opinions, as well as reports in other media outlets, including CNBC, which included Ms. Shein in a panel discussion about her company’s situation. Some readers argued that Baked in the Sun has a moral obligation to offer coverage. Others argued for a single-payer system that would allow owners to stop worrying about health insurance and focus on running their businesses.

Andrew Greenblatt, a senior vice president at Benestream, which helps low wage employees apply for government benefits, pointed out that under the Affordable Care Act, Medicaid has been expanded to cover families earning up to 138 percent of the poverty level, which means that workers who make minimum wage, especially single parents, may qualify.

And Alan Cohen, chief strategy officer for Liazon, a private insurance exchange for companies, suggested in a comment that many employees will be better off if the bakery chooses not to offer insurance and instead pays the government penalty. That’s because the employees would be likely to qualify for a subsidy at a government exchange that would allow them to insure their whole family — but only if their employer does not offer health insurance.

Of course, because neither the minimum level of coverage, nor the costs to all the insurance options have been finalized, lots of uncertainty remains. We contacted Ms. Shein for a follow-up conversation that has been condensed and edited.

A number of readers suspect that you are underestimating how much it would actually cost to insure your employees. Have you taken another look?

The insurance plans are still under development. My broker recently found one that was less than what I had found, but I’m not sure anyone knows what the final rules and prices will be.

Have you thought any further about how many of your employees will actually sign up for insurance if you offer it?

In the short run, when the individual penalty is low, there might not be much participation. We plan to have a meeting with our employees to see what kind of insurance they might want and which of them might be covered elsewhere.

Did this discussion have any impact on your thinking about whether you will pay the penalty or offer insurance?

The employees will all have access to health insurance whether we provide it, or we pay the penalty and they purchase it using a subsidy on the government exchange. We need to look at all the costs and tax implications and do whichever is least expensive for the business.

Are there any reader questions you want to answer?

Some readers claimed it was a moral imperative to provide insurance — but all employees will have insurance under the law.

Some readers thought your profit margin was too low and questioned how well your business was doing. What was your reaction?

Like many entrepreneurs we have great years where we can take vacations and put money into our kids’ college funds. Some years are leaner.

Do you think your customers would pay a few more cents for your baked goods — especially if it allows you to offer your employees health insurance?

Our products are unbranded and sold in hundreds of outlets so it would be hard to educate consumers about our employment practices. And the popularity of Wal-Mart shows that most consumers just want the best price.

You suggested in the article that you might have to raise your prices 4 percent to cover the cost of providing health insurance. But 4 percent of $8 million — your annual revenue — is $320,000. That’s a lot more than you estimated the cost of insurance. Couldn’t you just raise your prices 2 percent?

Yes, a 2- to 3-percent increase could cover the costs, but it’s a low margin business and pennies matter so we like to build in some buffer.

Would you favor a single-payer system?

I am in favor of a system that doesn’t penalize a business for being successful and able to hire more than 50 people and doesn’t deter us from wanting to grow. I am in favor of a system where everyone pays in, and everyone is covered. If that is a single-payer system, I’m for that.

You're the Boss Blog: What You Need to Know About Credit Card Processing

The struggles of a business trying to survive.

Starting on Tuesday morning, I am going to publish a series of posts about my search for an honest and affordable processor of credit card transactions. It was not an easy search, but I learned a lot — much of which I never wanted to know but some of which I think may be helpful to other business owners.

As a warm-up to the series, I offer this primer on card-processing basics. I think this background information will be helpful if you read the series or, more important, if you, too, have struggled to arrange credit card processing. My own search began when I was tipped off that I was paying more than necessary for my transactions. Many years ago, I agreed to let my bank handle them, and since then, I had given the topic little thought.

I wrote about my issues with my bank in a previous post, including my feeling that my credit card processing — also known as merchant services — was costing me too much. That feeling was set off by a cold call last spring from a processor that was interested in seeing whether it could lower my transaction costs. That prompted me to do some research.

I soon learned that there are four parties involved with every credit card transaction: the merchant receiving the payment (“merchant”), the bank that the merchant uses to provide processing services (“acquiring bank”), the bank that issued the card to the customer (“issuing bank”) and the customer (“customer”).

The money in the transaction is lent by the issuing bank to the customer, who will either pay off  the debt within 30 days or add it to a balance and pay interest on it. Technically, as I will explain in a moment, the acquiring bank is also making a loan to the merchant. Fees are deducted by both the issuing bank and the acquiring bank, so that the amount of money that ends up in the merchant’s account is less than the amount charged the customer.

The issuing bank’s fee is called the interchange fee. The acquiring bank’s fee is called the discount rate, and it might be supplemented with other fees. Both the interchange fees and the discount fees are expressed as percentages of the transaction, although a small fixed amount may be associated with each transaction.

Many banks issue credit cards to customers and act as issuing banks. These banks hand out cards of a certain brand, with Visa, MasterCard and Discover the most common. American Express is a little different — it acts as both the issuing and the acquiring bank and charges a single fee directly to the merchant but will administer the transaction through the acquiring bank so that a merchant can process American Express transactions through the same terminal as the other cards.

Those interchange rates are published information — you can see Visa’s fee structure here and MasterCard’s here. The exact interchange fee charged to the acquiring bank (and the merchant) is determined by several factors: whether the card is present at the transaction, what type of card is used (a rewards card? a card used by the government for purchasing?) and what type of merchant accepts the card.

Yes, the type of business you are in can affect the interchange rates. This is because the issuing bank wants to be compensated for the risk of the dreaded chargeback, which happens when a customer disputes a charge successfully. When a customer complains about the product or services you have provided, chances are good that the money you were paid by the acquiring bank, plus additional fees, will be taken out of your account. You can appeal this, but it will take a while and you will probably lose.

Some businesses are more likely than others to provoke chargebacks. The safest transactions, from the point of view of both issuing banks and acquiring banks, occur when the cardholder is physically present to swipe the card and sign the receipt and when the goods are inexpensive and unlikely to provoke complaints. Merchandise and services that are standard and used quickly are the safest, which is why gas stations, restaurants and car rental agencies get favorable rates.

The riskiest transactions are those that are done over the phone and Internet, especially if the transaction is large and the business is of a kind that tends to generate complaints. That’s why an important part of applying for merchant services is revealing what kind of business you are. To make sure everyone is speaking the same language, the processors employ MCC Codes, four-digit numbers issued for a wide variety of businesses as defined by the federal government. If you wade through the MasterCard interchange document I linked to above, you will see special interchange rates associated with different MCC codes. Visa works the same way.

If you need to accept credit cards for your business, you have to deal with the acquiring bank. It is common for the responsibilities of the acquiring bank to be split between two entities. The first, commonly called the merchant service provider, is in constant contact with the merchant. When a sales representative shows up at your door to try to sign you up for credit card processing, or when you interact with a Web site (such as Square) to investigate a deal, you are dealing with the merchant service provider, which can be an arm of a bank or a smaller independent company.

In every deal I looked at, standing behind the merchant service provider was another company. I’m not sure if this is the correct term, but I’ll call it the processing company. This entity actually executes the mechanics of the transaction: transmitting information among the merchant, the issuing bank and the acquiring bank. In my dealings with four merchant service providers, I found it difficult to tell exactly how the duties of the acquiring bank were divided between the merchant service provider and the processing company. The sales representatives clearly worked for the merchant service provider. The monthly statement could come from either the merchant service provider or the processing company. The card readers were provided by the processing company. And somewhere in the middle were the underwriters.

Underwriters? Is someone evaluating risk? Yup. It is important to understand that when you sign up to accept credit card payments, you are actually borrowing money. When the acquiring bank transfers cash to the merchant, it is assuming the risk that there will be a chargeback. That risk will remain until the transaction (which may, for instance, include shipping time) is completed and the warranty on the goods (which may last a long time after delivery) has expired.

Despite that risk, the acquiring bank will put the transacted funds in the merchant’s account a couple of days after the transaction is reported. The acquiring bank sees this as a loan and that’s why when you apply for merchant services, your fitness to borrow the amounts that your business generates in credit card transactions will be evaluated. Every merchant services application I have seen has required a Social Security number and demanded that all card transactions be backstopped by my own assets. My house, my car and my savings are all up for grabs if things go wrong.

And as with any personal guarantee, this one is likely to affect your credit score and your ability to borrow money outside the business. At the very least, if you shop around for merchant services, as I did, your personal credit report will show multiple inquiries — with whatever effects that might have.

Tuesday: My search for an honest credit card processor begins.

Paul Downs founded Paul Downs Cabinetmakers in 1986. It is based outside Philadelphia.